Wireless Technology and Security-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Demonstrate a deep understanding of Wireless Architecture and Security Vulnerabilities using examples and appropriate explanations. Answer: Introduction Wireless technology or communication deals with the transfer of information among several points, which are not connected physically or by any electrical conductor. Use of wireless technology is increasing day by day and people are becoming more dependent on technology for improving the quality of living [1]. The wireless technology enhances the quality of work done and makes the work easier. The most commonly used wireless technologies include WIFI based LANs, RFID, WiGig, Bluetooth, cellular network, WMAN, satellite and others [2]. Wireless Security is the security process that protects the network from unauthorized access or some damage to the system or computer network is the wireless security. Identification Important issues of RFID technology are- The systems of RFID can be disrupted RFID uses electromagnetic spectrums that are easy to accumulate by the use of energy at right frequency [3]. This is not so much useful in stores but these electromagnetic spectrums are highly in use in hospitals or in fields like military. The RFID tags that use battery are interrupted to due to break down of battery which hampers the system. Reader Collision of RFID When signals from more than one reader overlap, then reader collision happens [4]. If such thing happens, the tag cannot respond to queries thata re simultaneous. To avoid this issues, many system uses protocol that are anti collision. Analyzing Security Issues- Even after the item that leaves the supply chain, the RFID tag can be read The scanners of RFID are portable that is they cannot make any difference between different readers [5]. The tags of RFID can be read from a minimum distance that may be a few yard or inches. This enables a person standing some distance from the tag to know all the belongings of the person in his purse. The tags of RFID are difficult to remove Customers face difficulty to remove the RFID tags. This is because they are very small in size or they are inside the product which is invisible for the customers to see. Customers are unable to remove the tags. The tags of RFID can be read without the permission of the owner The codes that are present in the belongings of the customers can be read by any intruder as they can be read from a distance part the person. This creates a problem for customers as others get to know what is present in their purse. With high frequency antenna, RFID tags can be read from a far distance RFID tags are made in such a way so that the tags can be read by the reader at minimum distance between tag and reader [6]. High frequency antennas are used to read the RFID tags from a far distance which leads to an issue. The serial number of the RFID tags are unique and can be sequenced to get the credit card number Products with bar codes used UPC (Universal Product Codes) that are implemented in them used in stores that identifies the product with a unique number [13]. When a product having RFID tag is paid with the credit card, then the credit card number is associated with the RFID tag number that is particular. This can help the attacker to get the number of the credit card. Wireless Network design Fig: RFID Wireless Network Design Source ([7]) The system of RFID has three parts consisting of a transponder which is known as tag, the transceiver that is combine with the reader and the antenna for getting the signals. The radio frequency of the radio is used by the antenna to transfer a signal to the tag which helps to activate the tag also known as transponder [7]. When the transponder gets activated, it sends a back signal to the antenna. The data helps to give a notification to the controller of programmable logic that some actions are to be held. The low frequency systems of RFID work over very short distance which is generally of six feet and a frequency of 30-500 KHz frequency is used. High frequency RFID tag uses about a distance of 9 feet and they are usually more expensive than the RFID systems that work on low frequency [9]. RFID does not need direct contact or scanning in line of sight which give san advantage to the technology. Examples and case study of RFID technology Examples- There is many fields where RFID technologies are used in present days [10]. RFID helps to secure the system where this technology is used. Pharmacy uses RFID chips that are embedded in the container of the drug so that they can avert and track theft of highly expensive and rarely available drugs. The Airlines that are continental used the RFID tags with the luggage of the passengers so that they can be tracked when they are lost and also use to detect the location of the bag is the customer plans to change the flight [11]. The toll road of Australia used the technology of RFID so that the taxes are collected without any person working in the toll office. The department of the U.S. government uses the RFID technology to track the supply shipments of the military. Visa cards are the combination of RFID chips and smart cards so that transactions can be made without using coins or cash. Case Study- Liverpool Hospital RFID Case Study A hospital that is located at a distance of approx 50 minute from Sydney CBD is the Liverpool Hospital. The hospital has a bed capacity of 877 and almost 23 operation theatres. It serves as one of the most vital health care in the western Sydney [12]. The hospital provides services like imaging and diagnostic, trauma care or emergency, surgeries, medical and allied health, mental care health and ambulatory care, haematology, paediatric, cardio care and treatment for cancer also. Before 2013 December, the hospital used hand signed out register that is paper based for bringing products that are related to blood to and out of the fridge of the operating theatre [8]. The staff often not maintains the register or puts an inaccurate data in the register. It created confusion among the staffs if the blood cells that are left unused are put back in the fridge or not within half an hour time. There also created a problem that the blood may go to some other patients who does not need the blood . From December 2013 onwards, the management used the technology of RFID signals to reduce the confusion and risks of the patients. The tags of RFID were used inside the hospital to track the location of the blood and products of blood that were needed by the patients for their safety. Other information related to RFID The technology that happens behind RFID RFID uses electromagnetic coupling or the electrostatic coupling in the portion of radio frequency that is used to transmit signals. There is an antenna, a transponder and an antenna for its working. The transceiver reads radio frequency and further transfers the signal to the reader and RF tag that is used in the system [14]. The antenna contains the integrated circuit for the transmission of the data to the reader that transforms the radio waves from the tag into some digital data that are then passed in the systems for more analysis. The data that are present in the RFID tag have two different parts: passive tags and active tags. The radio frequencies that come from the reader are transmitted to their signals by the help of passive tags. Active tags uses on board battery power to transfer the data signal that can be held over a large distance and also power the RAM. The active tags are much more sophisticated than the passive tags. RFID Frequencies The tuning of the frequency of RFID tags is much similar to that of the tuning the radio stations. There must be a similar frequency between the reader and the tag so that communication can be held. Different types of frequencies are used to communicate in RFID technology. The radio waves or the radio frequency work differently at different frequencies, the frequency of the RFID mainly depends on the application it is used for. There are high RFID frequency systems which can cover a distance of 90 feet and there are low frequency of RFID that covers a distance of maximum of 6 feet. Section 2: The alarming key points that come in the case study of Near Field Communication are firstly the risk of eavesdropping. When other intruder comes in the way of the signal that is transmitted by the sender and receiver and get the data or information is known as eavesdropping. A NFC uses the contactless transfer of information; there is a huge chance of eavesdropping. Secondly, data can be corrupted or disrupted. The attacker in this risk mainly attacks the signal to send back wrong irreverent data or may also block the data that is being transmitted. This type of attack is much difficult to detect. Thirdly, the risk that comes in the way of NFC security threat is that the attacker may act as a middle man between the receiver and the sender. The attacker sits in the middle and sends signal to sender pretending as the signal is from the receiver and vice versa. The risks that come next to NFC is the any harmful application that can be downloaded in the device of NFC can send the data of the users credit card to the attacker. Mobile device has also become a difficult issue related to security in NFC. Attackers may have the passwords and ids of the users phone and can get all the bank details of the user. Another risk that comes in the way is the android beam. It is used to transfer the information from one device to another or from a device to a tag or vice versa. Lastly there exists another security issue related to Nokia phones that are enabled by NFC. These phones enable to pair Bluetooth devices automatically. By default, pins or passwords are not required for the connection. For adopting RFID technology the approaches that can be taken as a network administrator of large organization are: The structure of the organization must be studied very nicely. As a large organization, there must be many groups of people, each of the groups must be studied and the risk that may come in their way. The technology of RFID must be very secure and used high frequency so that any attackers may not attack the technology. Getting the benefits after mitigating the risks. For adopting RFID technology the approaches that can be taken as a network administrator of medium organization are: The RFID technology is evaluated against the strategy of the organization. Getting an outline of the risk and benefits for what a change may happen. To work with the external parties. There must be involvement of the employees. The technology must be prototyped. A suitable RFID standard must be found. Testing must be done. The details of the plan must be documented first. References Amendola, Sara, Rossella Lodato, Sabina Manzari, Cecilia Occhiuzzi, and Gaetano Marrocco. "RFID technology for IoT-based personal healthcare in smart spaces."IEEE Internet of Things Journal1, no. 2 (2014): 144-152 Bartholmai, Matthias, Markus Stoppel, Sergej Petrov, Stefan Hohendorf, and Thomas Goedecke. "Two application examples of RFID sensor systems-identification and diagnosis of concrete components and monitoring of dangerous goods transports."ACTA IMEKO4, no. 2 (2015): 85-89. 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